Movement For Democracy In Nepal


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Movement For Democracy In Nepal

Popular Struggles And Movement: Democracy involves conflict of interests and viewpoints. These differences are expressed in organised ways. Those who are in power are required to balance these different demands and pressures. Ordinary citizen plays a significant role through different ways and organisaions to shape democracy. Pressure groups and movements are some Direct ways to Influence politics.

Popular Struggles In Nepal And Bolivia: The struggles of Nepal and Bolivia are two recent stories that show how power is exercised in democracy,

  • Movement for Democracy in Nepal: Until 1990, Nepal was an absolute monarchy running under the executive control of The king. After facing a people's movement against the absolute monarchy , King Birendra, in 1990, agreed to political reforms. This way transition took between absolute monarchy to constitutional monarchy, Although, the king formally remained the head of the state, the real power was exercised by popularly elected representatives.
  • Killing of Royal Family of Nepal: King Biredra alonwith his family members was killed in a mysterious massacre in 2001 and then King Gyanendra became the king. He was not prepared to accept  the democratic rule. In February 2005, he dismissed the then Prime Minister, Sher Bahadur Deuba, dissolved the popularly elected government and enforced Martial Laws.
  • Movement for Restoring Democracy in Nepal: In April 2006, a movement was started in Nepal aiming to regain the popular control over the government from the king. All the major political parties in the Parliament formed a Seven Party Alliance (SPA) and called four days strike in country's capital Kathmandu. They demanded for restoration of Parliament, power to an All Party Government and a new constituent assembly. With the joining of Maoist Rebellion and some other organisations, this protest turned into an indefinite strike. More than a lakh people gathered almost everyday to demand restoration of democracy. Security forces were unable to control such a crowd.
  • Establishment of Democracy in Nepal: On 24th April, 2006, the last day of the ultimatum the king was forced to admit all three demands. The SPA chose Girija Prasad Koirala of Nepali Congress as the new Prime Minister of the interim government. The restored Parliament met and passed laws taking away most of the powers of the king. The SPA and the Maoists came to an understanding about how the new Constituent Assembly was going to be elected. Moreover, Nepal was declared a secular state prohibiting the previous status of Hindu Kingdom, Nepal was one of the 'third wave'countries that won democracy in 1990. This struggle came to be known as Nepal's second movement for democracy. This struggle of Nepali people is a source of inspiration to democrats all over the world.
  • Some Important terms :- 

    Absolute Monarchy :- The system of governance in which the head of the state as absolute power .the monarchy runs the country with total powers . 

    Constitutional Monarchy :- In this type of government , the king or queen Remains the head of the state which is accepted by the constitution and an elected Parliament , also functions side by side Eg :-  United Kingdom, Spain Etc . 

    Martial Law :- Imposition of curfew and suspension of civil law  civil rights to maintain , law order and security . 

    SPA :- Seven party Alliance in Nepal formed for the Struggle for Democracy . the alliance includes all the major political parties in parliament . 

    Maoists :- They are  communists who believe in the ideology of Mao Zedonngg , the Leader of the chinese Revolution they seek to overthrow the government through an armed revolution , so as to establish the rule of workers and peasants. 

    Third wave countries :- Countries That changed into democratic from either monarchy , dictatorship or fromColonial rule . Eg :- Nepal . 

     
     
     


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